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Databáze č. 17 : Databáze judikatury
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Číslo (Kód CELEX):
Number (CELEX Code):
61978J0003
Název:
Title:
Judgment of the Court of 10 October 1978.
Centrafarm BV v American Home Products Corporation.
Reference for a preliminary ruling: Arrondissementsrechtbank
Rotterdam - Netherlands.
Serenid - Seresta.
Case 3/78.
Publikace:
Publication:
European Court Reports 1978 page 1823
Předmět (klíčová slova):
Keywords
Související předpisy:
Corresponding acts:
Odkaz na souvisejicí judikáty:
Corresponding Judgements:
    [252] Pfizer
    · [158] Hoffmann-La Roche
    · [083] Hag I
    · [469] Hag II
Plný text:
Fulltext:
Ano

Fakta:
The American Home Products Corporation (AHP) is proprietor of the mark Seresta registered in its name in the Benelux trade marks register and the proprietor of the mark Serenid D registered in the United Kingdom. Both trade marks refer to the same type of medicament whose active constituent is named oxazepamum. Two undertakings belonging to the AHP group hold licences in the Netherlands for the Seresta mark and in the United Kingdom for the Serenid D mark. Centrafarm sold exezepamum tablets in the Netherlands which it had bought in the United Kingdom. The tablets had been put on the market by AHP in the UK. In order to sell the product in the Netherlands, Centrafarm repackaged the tablets. On the new packaging, it placed the mark Seresta together with the words “Centrafarm B.V. Rotterdam”.
AHP instituted proceedings against Centrafarm, seeking to prevent it from marketing the oxazepamum tablets in the Netherlands. The Arrondissementrechtsbank, Rotterdam, took the view that under Netherlands trade mark law, AHP could prohibit Centrafarm from the marketing practice in question. It stayed the proceedings and referred to the Court the question - as reworded by the Court - whether, in the given circumstances, the rules of the Treaty, in particular Article 36, prevent the proprietor of the trade-mark form exercising the right conferred upon him under national law.


Názor soudu a komentář:
While Article 30 of the Treaty prohibits quantitative restrictions on imports as well as all measures having an equivalent effect, Article 36 provides for a derogation from this general principle
inter alia
in matters of commercial and intellectual property. As the Court infers from the context of the provision as well as from the second sentence of Article 36, the derogations contained therein have to be construed narrowly so as to only justify such exceptions as are necessary for the purpose of safeguarding the rights which constitute the specific subject-matter of the relevant property. Even if such right is found to be, in principle, justified under the first sentence of Article 36, it nevertheless may not constitute a disguised restriction to intra-Community trade within the meaning of the second sentence of that Article.
The specific subject matter of the trade mark is “in particular the guarantee that the proprietor of the trade mark has the exclusive right to use that mark for the purpose of putting a product into circulation for the first time and therefor his protection against competitors wishing to take advantage of the status and reputation of the mark by selling products illegally bearing that trade-mark” (see also [252]
Pfizer
). In order to determine the “precise scope” of the trade-mark right, the Court refers to its “essential function” which, in its view, is “to guarantee the identity of the origin of the trade-marked product to the consumer or ultimate user” (see also [083]
Hag I
on the one hand and [469]
Hag II
on the other). Part of this guarantee of origin is that only the proprietor may confer an identity on the product by affixing the mark. The prohibition of repackaged products in the circumstances of the present case was - in principle - covered by the derogation of Article 36 of the Treaty. The fact that the same company holds different trade marks for the same product in different Member States does not warrant a different ruling.
However, the Court points out that it is possible that the use in different Member States of different marks for the same products may constitute a disguised restriction to intra-Community trade within the meaning of the second sentence of Article 36. This may be the case if “such a practice (is) followed by the proprietor of the marks as part of a system of marketing intended to partition the markets artificially”. Whether the proprietor has so used his trade-mark rights is a matter for the national courts to determine.
The Court thus regards the prohibition by the proprietor of the trade mark of parallel imports of goods which have been repackaged as compatible with Community law as it had previously in [158]
Hoffmann-La Roche.
In a subsequent judgement, the Court has, however, based on a different set of circumstances, found that the prohibition of a parallel import of repackaged goods bearing a trade mark was not a necessary safeguard of the trade-mark right ([252]
Pfizer
). Even in those circumstances as were in issue in this latter judgement (
Pfizer
), a change of marks as has been effected by Centrafarm in the present case, could be prevented by the proprietor of the mark.


Shrnutí (Summary of the Judgment):


Plný text judikátu (Entire text of the Judgment):

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